Sunday, December 2, 2012

Reasons Why Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Payments Increase ...

November 30th, 2012 by Reed Allmand

Chapter 13 bankruptcy is a court-approved repayment plan that helps debtors regain control of their finances. Depending on outstanding debt the plan can last anywhere from 3 to 5 years.? The payments are created based on the affordability of the debtor.? Most debtors find payments scheduled in the plan to be more affordable than what they were paying before they filed.? Sometimes debtors experience a change in their payments and are unsure why it occurred.? Yet, there are a few details debtors should keep in mind that may cause their payment to increase.

Income changes: If you experience an increase of income or receive overtime pay this could be factored into revising your monthly payment amount.? Keep in mind, the amount of the increase may not automatically affect your Chapter 13 payment.? It may depend on whether or not the increase in income is permanent or temporary.

Car loan payments: Many file bankruptcy to help keep their property such as their vehicle.? But some may pay off their loan before the bankruptcy process is complete.? This means the debtor would have additional funds to place on other debt obligations associated with your bankruptcy plan.

If you borrowed against retirement funds:? Some debtors may be making payments against their retirement account if they obtained a loan from it prior to filing bankruptcy.? When they have completed repaying the loan Chapter 13 payments can increase if additional income can be placed toward creditors.

Support payments (child, alimony and spousal): If support payments you?ve been making happen to end during the course of your bankruptcy it is possible bankruptcy payments can increase.

Be sure to keep your trustee updated with any changes that occur to your financial situation during bankruptcy.

?

Reference:?http://www.bankrate.com/finance/debt/4-reasons-your-bankruptcy-payment-can-grow.aspx

About Reed Allmand

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Allmand's vision is rooted in his own financially precarious childhood in Abilene "My father always had difficulty holding a job and supporting our family, so after my parents divorced when I was 12, my sister and I got jobs to help make ends meet," he recalls. "I remember what it felt like as a child to worry that our car would be repossessed or home foreclosed on."

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Source: http://allmandlaw.com/bankruptcy/reasons-why-chapter-13-bankruptcy-payments-increase?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=reasons-why-chapter-13-bankruptcy-payments-increase

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Police: Chiefs' Belcher kills girlfriend, self

FILE - In this Sept. 30, 2012 file photo, Kansas City Chiefs inside linebacker Jovan Belcher (59) gestures at the line of scrimmage during an NFL football game against the San Diego Chargers in Kansas City, Mo. Police say Belcher fatally shot his girlfriend early Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo., then drove to Arrowhead Stadium and committed suicide in front of his coach and general manager. (AP Photo/Ed Zurga, File)

FILE - In this Sept. 30, 2012 file photo, Kansas City Chiefs inside linebacker Jovan Belcher (59) gestures at the line of scrimmage during an NFL football game against the San Diego Chargers in Kansas City, Mo. Police say Belcher fatally shot his girlfriend early Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo., then drove to Arrowhead Stadium and committed suicide in front of his coach and general manager. (AP Photo/Ed Zurga, File)

FILE - In this Dec. 19, 2010, file photo, Kansas City Chiefs linebacker Jovan Belcher (59) walks off the field during the third quarter of an NFL football game against the St. Louis Rams in St. Louis. Police say Belcher fatally shot his girlfriend early Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo., then drove to Arrowhead Stadium and committed suicide in front of his coach and general manager. (AP Photo/Seth Perlman, File)

A police car leaves the training facility for the Kansas City Chiefs NFL football team on Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo. A 25-year-old Chiefs player fatally shot his girlfriend early Saturday, then drove to Arrowhead Stadium and committed suicide in front of two team officials, police said. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)

A security guard stands outside the training facility for the Kansas City Chiefs NFL football team on Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo. A 25-year-old Chiefs player fatally shot his girlfriend early Saturday, then drove to Arrowhead Stadium and committed suicide in front of two team officials, police said. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)

FILE - In this Oct. 7, 2012, file photo, Kansas City Chiefs head coach Romeo Crennel, left, and general manager Scott Pioli watch the team warm up prior to an NFL football game against the Baltimore Ravens in Kansas City, Mo. Police say Chiefs player Javon Belcher fatally shot his girlfriend early Saturday, Dec. 1, 2012, in Kansas City, Mo., then drove to Arrowhead Stadium and committed suicide in front of his coach and general manager. (AP Photo/Ed Zurga, File)

KANSAS CITY, Mo. (AP) ? It began like any other Saturday for the Kansas City Chiefs during the NFL season, their general manager and coach at work early to put final touches on this weekend's gameplan. Then they got a call to hurry to the parking lot.

The two men rushed through the glass doors of Chiefs headquarters and came face-to-face with linebacker Jovan Belcher, holding a handgun to his head.

Belcher had already killed his girlfriend and sped the short distance to Arrowhead Stadium, right past a security checkpoint guarding the entrance. Upon finding his bosses, Belcher thanked general manager Scott Pioli and head coach Romeo Crennel for giving him a chance in the NFL. Then he turned away and pulled the trigger.

The murder-suicide shocked a franchise that has been dealing with controversies now made trivial by comparison: eight consecutive losses, injuries too numerous to count, discontent among fans and the prospect that Pioli and Crennel could be fired at season's end.

Authorities did not release a possible motive while piecing together the case, other than to note that Belcher and his girlfriend, 22-year-old Kasandra M. Perkins, had been arguing frequently.

The two of them left behind a 3-month-old girl. She was being cared for by family.

The Chiefs issued a statement that said their game Sunday afternoon against the Carolina Panthers would go on as scheduled, even as the franchise tried to come to grips with the awfulness of Belcher's death.

"The entire Chiefs family is deeply saddened by today's events, and our collective hearts are heavy with sympathy, thoughts and prayers for the families and friends affected by this unthinkable tragedy," Chiefs chairman Clark Hunt said in brief a statement.

A spokesman for the team told The Associated Press that Crennel plans to coach on Sunday.

"I can tell you that you have absolutely no idea what it's like to see someone kill themselves," said Kansas City Mayor Sly James, who spoke to Pioli shortly after the shootings.

"You can take your worst nightmare and put someone you know and love in that situation, and give them a gun and stand three feet away and watch them kill themselves. That's what it's like," James said. "It's unfathomable."

The 25-year-old Belcher was from West Babylon, N.Y., and played college football at Maine. He signed with the Chiefs as an undrafted free agent, made the team and hung around the past four years, eventually moving into the starting lineup. He played in all 11 games this season.

The NFL released a statement expressing sympathy and pledging "to provide assistance in any way that we can." The players' association has also been in touch with members of the Chiefs.

"We sincerely appreciate the expressions of sympathy and support we have received from so many in the Kansas City and NFL communities, and ask for continued prayers for the loved ones of those impacted," Hunt said. "We will continue to fully cooperate with the authorities and work to ensure that the appropriate counseling resources are available to all members of the organization."

The drama unfolded early Saturday when authorities received a call from a woman who said her daughter had been shot multiple times at a residence about five miles from the Arrowhead complex. The call came from Belcher's mother, who referred to the victim as her daughter.

"She treated Kasandra like a daughter," Kansas City police spokesman Darin Snapp said, adding that the women had recently moved in with the couple, "probably to help out with the baby."

Police then got a phone call from the Chiefs' training facility, and Belcher's description matched the suspect description from the initial address. Snapp said officers pulled into the practice facility parking lot in a matter of minutes, in time to witness the suicide.

"Pioli and Crennel and another coach or employee was standing outside and appeared to be talking to him," Snapp said. "The suspect began to walk in the opposite direction of the coaches and the officers and that's when they heard the gunshot. It appears he took his own life."

The coaches told police they never felt in any danger.

"They said the player was actually thanking them for everything they'd done for him," Snapp said. "He was thanking them and everything. That's when he walked away and shot himself."

Members of the Chiefs laid low Saturday, but a few of them reacted on Twitter.

"I am devastated by this mornings events," Pro Bowl linebacker Tamba Hali wrote. "I want to send my thoughts and prayers out to everyone effected by this tragedy."

A large group of Belcher's friends and relatives gathered Saturday at his boyhood home on Long Island.

His family turned the front yard into a shrine, with a large poster of Belcher, an array of his trophies, and jerseys and jackets from Kansas City, Maine and West Babylon High.

"He was a good, good person ... a family man. A loving guy," said family friend Ruben Marshall, who said he coached Belcher in youth football. "You couldn't be around a better person."

At least 20 people gathered for a large group hug in the driveway.

"He was a tremendous player and all those things, and his accolades speak for themselves, but he lit up when he spoke about his mom, or when he hugged his family after games," said Dwayne Wilmot, who was Belcher's position coach at Maine and is now an assistant coach at Yale.

"It's difficult to talk about Jovan in the past tense," he told the AP. "There's going to be unanswered questions, the why's of this tragedy. It'll never be truly known to us."

Wilmot said he'd stayed in touch with Belcher the past few years through social media.

"He was someone who took genuine pleasure in bringing happiness to others," Wilmot said. "I was so excited when he became a father, because I knew he'd be a great father."

His girlfriend's Facebook page shows the couple smiling and holding the baby.

Belcher is the latest among several players and NFL retirees to die from self-inflicted gunshot wounds during the past few years. The death of star linebacker Junior Seau, who shot himself in the chest in at his California home last May, sent shockwaves around the league.

Seau's family, like those of other suicide victims, donated his brain tissue to medical authorities to determine if head injuries he sustained playing football might be linked to his death. That report has not been released, although an autopsy showed no underlying hemorrhaging or bruises on Seau's brain.

Belcher did not have an extensive injury history, though he was listed as having a head injury on a report from Nov. 11, 2009. Belcher played four days later against the Oakland Raiders.

Earlier this year, the NFL provided a grant to help establish an independently operated phone service that connects players, coaches, team officials and other staff with counselors trained to work through personal and emotional crises. The NFL Life Line is available 24 hours a day.

The season has been a massive disappointment for the Chiefs, who were expected to contend for the AFC West title. They're 1-10 and mired in an eight-game skid marked by injuries, poor play and fan upheaval. During the past few weeks there have been constant calls for Pioli and Crennel to be fired.

It's unknown how the Chiefs plan to pay tribute to Belcher during Sunday's game.

"His move to the NFL was in keeping with his dreams," said Jack Cosgrove, who coached Belcher at Maine. "This is an indescribably horrible tragedy."

___

Associated Press Writers Heather Hollingsworth and Frank Eltman contributed to this report.

__

Online: http://pro32.ap.org and http://twitter.com/AP_NFL

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2012-12-01-Chiefs-Player%20Shooting/id-ddde1d189b3341e4b8a53b978894f428

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10 Things to Know for Today

Your daily look at late-breaking news, upcoming events and stories that will be talked about today (times EST):

1. OBAMA TAKES "FISCAL CLIFF" FIGHT OUTSIDE THE BELTWAY

The president will employ campaign-style tactics in the Philadelphia suburbs, hoping to mobilize public support as the year-end deadline for reaching a deal with Congress over taxes and spending cuts looms.

2. WHY U.N. VOTE RECOGNIZING PALESTINE MAY ULTIMATELY DISAPPOINT

Real independence remains an elusive dream until the Palestinians negotiate a peace deal with the Israelis.

3. ISLAMISTS APRROVE EGYPT'S CONSTITUTION

A draft constitution is passed without the participation of liberal and Christian members, a move that further inflames the clash between the opposition and President Mohammed Morsi.

4. WHO MIGHT'VE HIT THE POWERBALL JACKPOT

The Missouri Lottery confirms one winning ticket and is expected to reveal the winner at noon. The second ticket holder, in Arizona, remains a mystery.

5. SENATE REVIVES DEBATE ON CIVIL LIBERTIES

By voting that American citizens suspected of terrorism and seized on U.S. soil may not be held indefinitely, it sets up a fight with the House, which rejected efforts to bar indefinite detention earlier this year.

6. RIGHTS GROUP URGES MORE COMPASSIONATE PRISON RELEASES

For humanitarian and economic reasons, the federal Bureau of Prisons should grant more early releases to incapacitated and terminally ill prisoners, advocacy groups say in a report.

7. MYANMAR TACKLES CITIZENSHIP QUANDARY

In an exclusive report by AP's Todd Pitman, authorities in western Myanmar are tasked with determining who is a citizen. Rohingya Muslims seem to have the most to lose.

8. SOURCE TELLS AP: STRAUSS-KAHN AGREES TO SETTLE WITH ACCUSER

Hotel maid's lawsuit alleged that the former IMF chief tried to rape her in a New York hotel.

9. RESEARCHERS NAIL DOWN SEA MYSTERY

Scientists have figured out how to determine the age of a lobster ? by the number of rings in its eyestalk or in the teeth-like structures found in its stomach.

10. NOT SO SAINTLY NIGHT FOR BREES

The star quarterback throws five interceptions, damaging New Orleans' playoff hopes in a 23-13 loss to rival Atlanta

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/10-things-know-today-101340019.html

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Saturday, December 1, 2012

How signal molecules for formation of various cell types are controlled

ScienceDaily (Nov. 30, 2012) ? The regulation of important signal molecules that are critical for the formation of various cell types can be influenced by a chemically produced variant of indirubin, a natural material used in traditional Chinese medicine. This was shown by scientists from Heidelberg University, Kaiserslautern and Jena. The researchers were also able to demonstrate for the first time that these signal molecules in the cell -- regulatory SMAD proteins -- are not only controlled through regulation of their activation but also through the available quantity of signal molecules in the non-activated state. Because cellular differentiation as well as tumour growth are tied to these processes, the studies suggest a new approach for both the preparation of induced pluripotent stem cells and the development of tumour treatments.

The results of the research were published in the journal Chemistry & Biology.

Cellular differentiation decides which functions can be assumed and carried out by cells in the body. Their precise regulation has a decisive influence on embryonic development and later also plays an essential role in maintaining the activity of organs. After toxic damage, among other things, it is important that cells can react appropriately to limit damage and regenerate the tissue. This requires close communication between the cells, which is controlled by numerous signal molecules. "Only when all the parts of a signal path are present, cells can react to the signals from the environment with a coordinated programme. If one of these components is missing, the proper cellular response is inhibited," explains Prof. Dr. Stefan W?lfl from Heidelberg University's Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology.

How cellular differentiation is controlled during embryonic development and in the mature organism significantly depends on the family of TGF?/BMP growth factors. Representatives of these specific signal molecules also participate in the genesis and development of tumour diseases. Through their work, the researchers have demonstrated that the cells themselves influence how sensitively they react to growth factor signals. This occurs through the availability of the complementary signal mediators within the cell adapting to the given situation. The amount of available regulatory SMAD proteins (R-Smad proteins) in the cell is controlled on the level of synthesis, but in particular through the control of their degradation. This is performed by a special control system present in every cell. This ubiquitin proteasome system makes it possible for cellular proteins to be degraded in a controlled manner.

Earlier research already demonstrated that the degradation of activated R-Smad proteins occurs through the ubiquitin proteasome system, resulting in termination of the signals. "Our results now prove that the reservoir of non-activated R-SMAD signal mediators is also strictly controlled. This prevents corresponding external signals from activating an internal programme," says Prof. W?lfl. "For example, if growing tumour cells are dependent on this signal, these cells could be kept from surviving and cell death may even occur if the signal mediators could be deliberately removed." According to Prof. W?lfl, R-Smad proteins are also important mediators in cellular differentiation. "Reducing or removing these signal mediators from stem cells would cause them to no longer react to differentiation signals, so they would retain their stem cell properties as a result."

In their experiments, the researchers worked with a variant of the natural product indirubin that they chemically synthesised. The studies showed that the indirubin derivative led to a degradation of the R-Smad proteins in human cells. Thus, the signals transmitted by the TGF?/BMP growth factors are blocked. In this procedure, the indirubin variant intervenes in various processes that all contribute to depleting the concentration of R-Smad proteins in the cell. In particular, the activity of specific regulating enzymes called ubiquitin proteases is diminished, which protect proteins from degradation in the ubiquitin proteasome system.

The research was funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within a joint research project focussed on medical system biology. The research team at the Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology of Heidelberg University collaborated with scientists from the University of Kaiserslautern and the Jena University Hospital as well as the Heidelberg University Hospital's Institute of Human Genetics.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Heidelberg, Universit?t.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Xinlai Cheng, Hamed Alborzinia, Karl-Heinz Merz, Herbert Steinbeisser, Ralf Mrowka, Catharina Scholl, Igor Kitanovic, Gerhard Eisenbrand, Stefan W?lfl. Indirubin Derivatives Modulate TGF?/BMP Signaling at Different Levels and Trigger Ubiquitin-Mediated Depletion of Nonactivated R-Smads. Chemistry & Biology, 2012; 19 (11): 1423 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.09.008

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/sqeQVMq_zNw/121130110554.htm

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State of Victoria establishes regional prostate cancer registry (in ...

According to an article in BJU International, the State of Victoria, Australia, has initiated development of what appears to be a well-constructed, pilot, prostate cancer registry (PCR). Good for them!

Evans et al. report that this PCR has been set up based on recognized, international operating principles for clinical registries. (Well-established operating principles exist both within Australia and internationally to provide guidance on how to establish clinical registries of this type.)

The initial goal of this PCR will be to monitor the quality of care provided to men diagnosed with prostate cancer. It will collect data on eligible men of > 18 years of age, diagnosed with prostate cancer at a series of contributing hospitals in Victoria, Australia, whose diagnosis is confirmed by histopathology report notified to the Victorian Cancer Registry.

A steering committee was initially established, with the responsibility to:

  • Determine the minimum set of data to be collected
  • Select quality indicators to be reported back to clinicians
  • Identify the most effective recruitment strategy, and
  • Provide a governance structure for data requests; collection, analysis, and reporting of data; and managing outliers.

The steering committee has identified a minimum data set of 72 data items to be collected by the PCR. This will enable registry managers to collect and report data that can be used to monitor 10 quality indicators over time. Outcome measures will be risk adjusted according to an established risk stratification model.

Recruitment of patients into the PCR will occur concurrently with mandatory notification of diagnosis to the State of Victoria?s cancer registry, and the PCR will apply an opt-out consent process to maximize recruitment.?The data collection approach is to be standardized, using a hybrid of data linkage and manual collection, and data collection forms are to be electronically scanned into the PCR.? A data access policy and escalation policy for mortality outliers has also been developed.

It is high time that a major regional body established such a well-coordinated and sophisticated registry in order to monitor patient outcomes and quality of care (regardless of treatment type). It is regrettable that this hasn?t already been carried out in the USA, but maybe the fact that an Australian state has taken this step will motivate others to follow their lead.

Source: http://prostatecancerinfolink.net/2012/11/30/state-of-victoria-establishes-regional-prostate-cancer-registry-in-australia/

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Human Resources Director - Talent Acquisition - HigherEdJobs

University of North Texas

Human Resources Director - Talent Acquisition
Department Overview
The University of North Texas System (UNTS) has several great opportunities for several seasoned Human Resources Professionals. Over the past several months we have been engaged in identifying the best approach to deliver HR services to our constituents in the most effective and efficient manner to help drive business outcomes. As a result we are recruiting three (3) new HR Directors to develop and oversee newly forming centers of excellence in: talent management, talent acquisition and total rewards. The successful candidate(s) will have the opportunity to create programs, and processes in that drive strategic alignment between HR and business initiatives based on industry best practices. This transition will help us to be the strategic partner needed by our constituents while providing outstanding programs and services. Join our team in this exciting time and help us develop the future of the University of North Texas System.

Job Description
This is a professional administrative position providing leadership and management in the effective administration of Human Resources services and programs. In partnership with other leadership roles in the Human Resources Department, this role will be responsible for System Human Resources Talent Acquisition related to: staff recruitment, selection and retention. This position reports to the Associate Vice Chancellor of Human Resources. An employee in this class provides supervision over professional, paraprofessional, and clerical staff as assigned. Responsibilities of the position include but are not limited to:

  • Oversees structure and processes to support full life cycle recruitment to meet the needs of the institutions.
  • Develops the philosophy, framework and methodology for talent for the System and its constituent institutions.
  • Leads the design and development of policies, programs, processes and tools for talent acquisition - including workforce planning, recruiting, sourcing, selection and case management.
  • Ensures that talent acquisition objectives align with the various institution's growth strategies and are linked to business objectives to attract and retain employees.
  • Establishes relationships with stakeholders to meet business objectives.
  • Proactively strategizes alternative solutions and/or new ideas for sourcing and other recruitment needs on an ongoing basis.
  • Manages service level with member institutions.
  • Actively participates and partners with HR Leadership Team.
  • Manages talent acquisition budget and oversees talent acquisition vendor relationships.
  • Ensures that talent acquisition procedures and programs comply with policies, labor laws and government regulations.
  • Coordinates development and dissemination of employee communications for talent acquisition.
  • Manages team of sub-function leads and analysts.
  • Coordinates with appropriate groups to identify departmental effectiveness metrics and appropriate evaluation measures.
  • Responsible for continuous process improvement of HR programs, policies, procedures and systems.
  • Observes safety and security precautions appropriate to work performed and work supervised.
Minimum Qualifications
The successful candidate will possess a Bachelor's degree in Business, Human Resources, or a related field required and a minimum of ten years of experience in Human Resources, including five years of experience in recruiting or staffing and three or more years in a management or supervisory position. The successful candidate will additionally possess the following required knowledge, skills and abilities:
  • Deep expertise in talent acquisition to foster a diverse and inclusive community.
  • Demonstrated strategic alignment of HR initiatives to the business objectives.
  • Strong knowledge of current and relevant legal / regulatory requirements.
  • Ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships.
  • Demonstrated ability to network and partner with employees and constituents to achieve goals.
  • Extensive experience in program design.
  • Experience in successfully orchestrating and leading change.
  • Demonstrated team leadership experience including strong supervisory and coaching skills.
  • Demonstrated ability to influence top executives.
  • Strong communication skills.
  • Proficiency with Microsoft Office Suite; working knowledge of PeopleSoft desired.
Preferred Qualifications
The preferred candidate will possess a Master's degree in Human Resources, Industrial Relations, Organizational Development, Business or a related field and have obtained the PHR/SPHR.

Special Instructions to Applicants
Please attach a resume, a cover letter and a list of three professional references with online application

For more information and to apply, visit: https://jobs.unt.edu

UNT is an AA/EOE/ADA.

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The University of North Texas is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Institution committed to diversity in its employment and educational programs, thereby creating a welcoming environment for everyone.

Source: http://www.higheredjobs.com/details.cfm?JobCode=175697662

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Many flame retardants in house dust -- unsafe levels

Thursday, November 29, 2012

A peer-reviewed study of the largest number of flame retardants ever tested in homes found that most houses had levels of at least one flame retardant that exceeded a federal health guideline.

The study led by scientists at Silent Spring Institute tested for 49 flame retardant chemicals in household dust, the main route of exposure for people and especially for children. Forty-four flame retardant chemicals were detected and 36 were found in at least 50% of the samples, sometimes at levels of health concern. The flame retardants found in house dust are in furniture, textiles, electronics, and other products and include hormone disruptors, carcinogens, and chemicals with unknown safety profiles.

The highest concentrations were found for chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants. This chemical group includes TCEP and TDCIPP (or chlorinated "Tris"), which are listed as carcinogens under California's Proposition 65.

TDBPP (or brominated "Tris") was banned from children's pajamas in 1977 due to health concerns but is still allowed in other products, and was present in 75% of homes tested in 2011.

There are no federal rules requiring that flame retardants be safety tested. Among the limited number of flame retardants with EPA health risk guidelines, the study found five at levels higher than those guidelines -- BDE 47, BDE 99, TCEP, TDCIPP and BB 153.

"Our study found that people are exposed to toxic flame retardants every day. These hazardous chemicals are in the air we breathe, the dust we touch and the couches we sit on. Many flame retardants raise health concerns, including cancer, hormone disruption, and harmful effects on brain development. It is troubling to see that a majority of homes have at least one flame retardant at levels beyond what the federal government says is safe. Infants and toddlers who spend much time on the floor are at higher risk for exposure," said Dr. Robin Dodson, a co-author of the study and a scientist with the Silent Spring Institute.

The study was conducted in California homes, because furniture manufacturers use flame retardants in products sold throughout the U.S. in order to meet California's stricter flammability standard. Many health experts have called on California Governor Jerry Brown to make good on his promise to amend the requirement, which affects the health of people around the country.

This study complements a separate study, also being published in Environmental Science & Technologytoday (Nov. 28), that found many potentially problematic flame retardants in couches. Both studies break new ground by revealing the wide range of flame retardants in use. The Silent Spring Institute study demonstrates that flame retardant chemicals in couches and other products wind up in house dust at levels of health concern.

Two PBDE formulations have been phased out due to health concerns, but other flame retardants with considerable evidence of toxicity, such as chlorinated organophosphates and HBCYD, appear to remain at high or increasing levels of use. Every home tested had HBCYD, which was prioritized by regulators in the US and Europe because of its persistence and concerns about human reproductive, neurological, and developmental effects.

Other flame retardants being used as replacements for PBDEs have unknown health implications. The study found that levels of chemicals in Firemaster? 550 increased from 2006 to 2011, likely because it is being used as a replacement for PentaPBDE, which was phased out.

"When one toxic flame retardant is phased out, it's being replaced by another chemical we either know is dangerous or suspect may be. It's not comforting to swap one hazardous chemical for its evil cousin. Instead, we should test chemicals before they are allowed on the market," said Dr. Julia Brody, executive director of the Silent Spring Institute and co-author of the study.

Many of the detected chemicals show evidence of hormone disruption; in particular the PBDEs, HBCYD, and TBBPA affect thyroid hormone, which is important for brain development. The breakdown products of TDBPP (brominated "Tris") damage DNA and cause mammary tumors in animal studies, raising concern about breast cancer in people.

"The potential harm from fire retardant chemicals used in furniture is very concerning. My research found that the California fire standard provides no meaningful protection against the hazard it addresses ? furniture ignited by small flames. In view of the toxicity of substances put into furniture foam to meet the California standard, the rule does more harm than good," according to Dr. Vytenis Babrauskas, an independent fire safety scientist.

###

Published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Silent Spring Institute: http://www.silentspring.org

Thanks to Silent Spring Institute for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/125560/Many_flame_retardants_in_house_dust____unsafe_levels

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